A trial of nivolumab after surgery for urothelial cancer (CA209-274; CheckMate 274)

This trial looked at nivolumab after surgery for people with high risk muscle invasive urothelial cancer.

High risk cancer means there is an increased risk that it will come back after surgery.

Muscle invasive cancer means that it has grown through the muscle wall of the bladder. But not into the muscles around the pelvis or tummy (abdominal wall), or spread to the lymph nodes. Urothelial cancer is also called urinary tract cancer. It includes cancer of the:

• centre of the kidney (renal pelvis)

• tube that takes urine from the kidney to the bladder (ureter)

• bladder

• tube that drains urine from the bladder and out of the body (urethra)

This trial was open for people to join between 2016 and 2020. The team have published results in several medical journals between 2021 to 2024. They plan to publish more results in the future.