Non melanoma skin cancer

Non-melanoma skin cancer incidence rates in England in females are 40% lower in the most deprived quintile compared with the least, and in males are 42% lower in the most deprived quintile compared with the least (2013-2017).
Around 25,000 cases of non-melanoma skin cancer each year in England are linked with lower deprivation (around 10,800 in females and around 14,200 in males).

Since the early 1970s, non-melanoma skin cancer mortality rates have decreased by around a tenth (11%) in the UK. Rates in females have decreased by a third (33%), and rates in males have remained stable (2018-2019)
Over the last decade, non-melanoma skin cancer mortality rates have increased by almost two-fifths (37%) in the UK. Rates in females have increased by around a fifth (21%), and rates in males have increased by almost two-fifths (40%) (2018-2019)

International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies the role of this risk factor in cancer development.[1] An estimated 7% (males) and 1% (females) of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) in Britain are due to occupational exposures (including solar radiation).[2]

International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies the role of this risk factor in cancer development.[1]

Melanoma skin cancer or NMSC risk is 14% higher in people who receive at least one computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain before age 20, with no significant effect of CT scans to other anatomical sites, a cohort study showed.[2]

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) risk is 12% lower, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) risk is 11% lower, per 5-unit BMI increment, a meta-analysis showed.[1] Again, this may reflect self-limited sun exposure in people with higher BMI;[1-3] the association with SCC may be limited to women.[2]

International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies the role of this risk factor in cancer development.[1]

NMSC risk is more than twice as high in people with HIV, compared with those without, a meta-analysis showed.[2] The association may be stronger in men than women.[2]

Psoriasis

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) risk is around five times as high in people with psoriasis, compared with the general population, a meta-analysis showed.[1] Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) risk is around twice as high in people with psoriasis, compared with the general population, a meta-analysis showed.[1] 

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) risk is increased in people with a family history of the same disease, a cohort study has shown.[1] Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) risk is increased in people with a family history of melanoma skin cancer, a cohort study has shown.[2]

Moles

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) risk is 60% higher in people with moles, compared with people without moles, a meta-analysis showed.[1]

Most moles are genetically determined, appearing during childhood or adolescence.[2-4] Sun exposure can increase the number of moles, with chronic sun exposure more influential than number of sunburn episodes.[2]