A trial looking at treatment for children and young people with neuroblastoma that has come back after treatment (BEACON2)

Cancer type:

Children's cancers
Neuroblastoma

Status:

Open

Phase:

Phase 1/2

This trial is looking at different combinations of treatment for neuroblastoma that has continued to grow despite treatment or has come back afterwards.

This trial is mainly for children and young people. We use the term 'you' in this summary, but if you are a parent, we are referring to your child.

More about this trial

There are several different treatment options for neuroblastoma. These include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy or immunotherapy Open a glossary item. Sometimes neuroblastoma continues to grow despite treatment, or it comes back afterwards.

When this happens, there are other treatments available that doctors use. These include different combinations of chemotherapy with targeted cancer drugs Open a glossary item or immunotherapy. There isn’t a standard treatment Open a glossary item

We know from research that some combinations of treatments look more promising.  So doctors are doing this trial to find out more about how these treatments work. 

There are 2 parts to this trial:

  • treatment for people whose neuroblastoma has come back or got worse only once. This is part one.
  • treatment for people who aren’t suitable for part one or whose neuroblastoma has come back or got worse more than once. This is part two. 

Part one is comparing the following 2 combinations of treatment:    

  • dinutuximab beta, irinotecan and temozolomide (dbIT)
  • bevacizumab, irinotecan, and temozolomide (BIT)

In part two, everyone has dinutuximab beta, bevacizumab, irinotecan, and temozolomide. This is called dbBIT. 

Bevacizumab is a targeted cancer drug. It stops signals that cancer cells use to divide and grow. We know from previous research that adding bevacizumab to chemotherapy worked better than chemotherapy on its own. 

Dinutuximab beta is a type of immunotherapy called a monoclonal antibody. You pronounce dinutuximab beta as din-oo-too-x-ee-mab beta. It works by targeting a protein called GD2 that is found on neuroblastoma cells. Dinutuximab beta is already a treatment for neuroblastoma that is at a high risk of coming back after treatment. 
 
The chemotherapy drugs in this trial are irinotecan and temozolomide

The main aims of the trial are to find out: 

  • which treatment works best for those in part 1
  • the best dose and schedule of treatment for those in part 2
  • how treatment affects quality of life Open a glossary item
  • more about the side effects 

Who can enter

The following bullet points are a summary of the entry conditions for this trial. Talk to your doctor or the trial team if you are unsure about any of these. They will be able to advise you. 

Who can take part

You may be able to join this trial if all of the following apply. You:

  • have neuroblastoma Open a glossary item
  • have high risk neuroblastoma that has come back after treatment (relapsed) or got worse 
  • have neuroblastoma that your doctor can measure on a scan Open a glossary item. You can’t take part if you only have neuroblastoma that shows up on a bone marrow test Open a glossary item
  • can care for yourself, you may need help from time to time or you need a lot of help to look after yourself. (Karnofsky performance status 50 or more). Or your child plays actively, may not play as energetically as normal or takes part in quiet play and activities (Lansky play scale 50 or more). If you are in a wheelchair but are otherwise well you can enter the trial.
  • have satisfactory blood test results 
  • have satisfactory blood pressure measurements for your age. Your doctor will check this. You can take part if you take medication to control your blood pressure.
  • are at least one year old 
  • are willing to use reliable contraception during the trial and for a period after if you are sexually active and there is any chance you or your partner could become pregnant 

As well as the above, to join part two the following must apply:

  • you have neuroblastoma that has come back more than once or you aren’t suitable to join part 1. Your doctor will know about this.

Who can’t take part

Cancer related 
You cannot join this trial if any of these apply. You:

  • have had treatment that included chemotherapy, dinutuximab beta or a similar drug in the last 2 weeks, craniospinal radiotherapy or mIBG radiotherapy in the last 6 weeks, radiotherapy to the area of cancer in the last 2 weeks, a stem cell transplant Open a glossary item with your own cells in the last 8 weeks or with somebody else's cells in the last 3 months. Or you have had an experimental treatment in the last 2 weeks. 
  • have areas of cancer spread elsewhere in the body that are bleeding. If you had this problem it must be at least 6 months since you last had any bleeding from these areas of cancer.

Medical conditions
You cannot join this trial if any of these apply. You:

  • have significant side effects that have affected the brain, spinal cord and nerves. These include seizures (fits) or moderate numbness and tingling in the hands or feet. You can take part if you have side effects from previous spinal cord compression Open a glossary item or surgery to treat this. 
  • have had a blood clot in the past that blocked an artery and caused a heart attack or stroke Open a glossary item or you currently have a blood clot
  • have or had inflammation of the lungs that needed steroid treatment 
  • are allergic to treatment for a fungal lung infection. This means you can’t have medication used to prevent this. Your doctor will know about this. 
  • have an infection that isn’t well controlled with medication 
  • have had recent surgery. This includes minor procedures in the last day or 2, or major surgery in the last 2 weeks. 
  • have had certain types of medication to prevent seizures (fits) within 3 days of joining the trial
  • have a condition that could increase the side effects of bevacizumab. This includes a bleeding problem or you are at risk of this, inflammatory bowel disease or a blocked bowel.
  • have moderate amounts of protein in your urine
  • haven’t recovered from surgery and you have any moderate to severe problems with wound healing 
  • have a problem with how your kidneys work
  • have a bleeding problem that isn’t well controlled with medication
  • have high blood pressure that isn’t well controlled with medication 
  • aren’t on a stable dose of warfarin or medication to stop the blood clotting if you take this. You must be on a stable dose for at least 2 weeks before you join the trial. 
  • have any other medical condition that could affect you taking part

Other 
You cannot join this trial if any of these apply. You:

  • are allergic to any of the treatments in the trial or anything they contain
  • can’t absorb or breakdown certain sugars such as lactose, fructose and galactose
  • have had a live vaccine Open a glossary item within 28 days of joining the trial. This does not apply to the COVID-19 vaccine or the seasonal flu vaccines as these aren’t live.
  • are pregnant or breastfeeding

As well as the above, you can’t join part one if any of the following apply. You: 

  • have had neuroblastoma that has come back or got worse more than once after starting treatment for high risk neuroblastoma
  • have already had bevacizumab for neuroblastoma that has come back. You can take part if you have had the chemotherapy drugs irinotecan and temozolomide as long as your cancer didn’t get worse during this treatment. 
  • have had treatment with dinutuximab beta or a similar drug alongside chemotherapy for neuroblastoma that has come back. You can take part if you had this treatment because the treatment you were having had stopped working (refractory neuroblastoma).

Trial design

This is a phase 1 and phase 2 trial. The team need 150 people to join part one and 10 people to join part two. The team will let you know which part you are suitable for. You join only one part. 

In part 1, a computer puts you into a treatment group at random. Neither you nor your doctor can decide which group you are in. You have one of the following:

In part 2, everyone has dinutuximab beta, bevacizumab, irinotecan, and temozolomide. 

Trial treatment 
You have treatment in cycles. Each 3 week period is a cycle of treatment Open a glossary item. You have up to 12 cycles of treatment. This takes about 7 months in total. 

You have dinutuximab beta as a drip into a vein. You have it continuously for 7 days in each treatment cycle. You may need to stay in hospital for the first cycle. You might be able to leave hospital with a small pump that you carry around for the following treatments. 

You have irinotecan as a drip into a vein. You have it once a day on days 1 to 5 of each treatment cycle. You might have topotecan instead of irinotecan if you have bad side effects. Your doctor will talk to you more about this if it applies. 

Temozolomide is a capsule, or it may be available as a liquid to swallow. You have it once a day on days 1 to 5 of each cycle. 

You have bevacizumab as a drip into a vein. You have it once every 3 weeks. 

For the treatment you have as a drip into a vein, you have it through a long plastic tube that goes into a large vein in your chest. The tube stays in place throughout the course of treatment. This can be a:

  • central line Open a glossary item
  • PICC line Open a glossary item
  • portacath Open a glossary item

All groups
You have treatment for up to 12 cycles as long as it is working and the side effects aren’t too bad. Your doctor will talk to you about other treatment options if the trial treatment stops working. 

Quality of life
The trial team ask you to fill out a questionnaire:

  • before you start treatment
  • at set times during and after treatment 

The questionnaire asks about side effects and how you’ve been feeling. This is called a quality of life study. It takes about 10 to 15 minutes to complete each time.

Samples for research 
The team will ask for a piece of a previous tissue sample (biopsy Open a glossary item) when you join the trial. They also ask for a sample if you have routine tissue samples taken during the trial. 

The team ask to take some extra blood samples. Where possible, you have these at the same time as your routine blood tests.

They plan to use the samples to:

  • find out more about neuroblastoma and how it develops
  • see what happens to bevacizumab and dinutuximab beta in the body 
  • see how well the treatment is working
  • look at biomarkers Open a glossary item to work out why treatment works for some people and not others

They may also ask for a bone marrow sample Open a glossary item when you join the trial.

The team will ask your permission to store some samples for future research. You don’t have to agree to this if you don’t want to. 

Hospital visits

You see the doctor for a physical examination Open a glossary item and you have some tests before you can take part. These include:

During treatment you see the doctor regularly. This is for blood tests and to see how you are. You have most of your treatment at the hospital in the outpatient department. You may have some hospital stays to have dinutuximab beta.

Trial scans
You have trial scans every 6 to 9 weeks. These include:

  • a CT or MRI scan and 
  • an MIBG or a PET-CT scan

You stop having the trial scans if your cancer gets worse.

Follow up 
When you stop treatment you have follow up:

  • every 3 months for 2 years and then
  • once a year for the next 3 years

This may be at a routine hospital appointment or the team may call you to see how you are getting on. 

Side effects

The trial team monitor you during treatment and afterwards. Contact your advice line or tell your doctor or nurse if any side effects are bad or not getting better. 
 
The most common side effects of dinutuximab beta we know about include:

The most common side effects of bevacizumab include: 

  • headaches
  • eye problems 
  • a runny nose
  • nosebleeds
  • taste changes
  • feeling or being sick 
  • constipation or diarrhoea 
  • pain in the back, tummy (abdomen) or between the hips (pelvis)
  • dry, flaking, discolouration and inflammation of the skin
  • high temperatures (fever)
  • weight loss 
  • pain and weakness affecting the joints, muscles, chest and tummy 
  • inflammation of the lining of the nose or digestive system Open a glossary item. This is mucosal inflammation.
  • an increased risk of bleeding. Your gums may bleed easily, and you may have nosebleeds or bleeding from the rectum Open a glossary item. It is important to tell your doctor if you notice any bleeding.
  • high protein in the urine
  • a drop in the number of blood cells causing an increased risk of bruising and bleeding, tiredness and breathlessness 
  • low levels of magnesium in the blood. This can cause muscle spasms, poor coordination, tremor or loss of appetite.
  • low levels of salt in the blood. This can cause headaches, confusion, tiredness (fatigue) or you might feel or be sick. 

We have information about the following drugs and their side effects: 

Your doctor will talk to you about the possible side effects of each treatment in this trial before you agree to take part. 

Location

Bristol
Cambridge
Cardiff
Leeds
Liverpool
Sheffield
Southampton
Sutton

Recruitment start:

Recruitment end:

How to join a clinical trial

Please note: In order to join a trial you will need to discuss it with your doctor, unless otherwise specified.

Please note - unless we state otherwise in the summary, you need to talk to your doctor about joining a trial.

Chief Investigator

Dr Lucas Moreno

Supported by

University of Birmingham
Fight Kids Cancer
Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Birmingham

If you have questions about the trial please contact our cancer information nurses

Freephone 0808 800 4040

Last review date

CRUK internal database number:

19869

Please note - unless we state otherwise in the summary, you need to talk to your doctor about joining a trial.

Last reviewed:

Rate this page:

No votes yet
Thank you!
We've recently made some changes to the site, tell us what you think