Constipation
The early symptoms of constipation can include:
difficulty and pain when passing a poo
fewer than 3 poo's a week
having to strain a lot when trying to open your bowels
hard, dry or lumpy poo that can look like small hard pellets or be unusually large
feeling that you have not completely emptied your bowel
feeling bloated and sluggish
Severe constipation can cause more serious symptoms such as:
a swollen, hard tummy (with or without pain)
very liquid diarrhoea that you can’t control at all (overflow diarrhoea)
loss of appetite
feeling and being sick
headaches
confusion and feeling restless
being unable to pass urine (urinary retention)
Make sure that you get early treatment for constipation. It will make it much easier to sort the problem out. Leaving constipation for too long can lead to more serious problems such as a bowel blockage (obstruction).
Last reviewed: 17 Sept 2025
Next review due: 17 Sept 2028
You might be constipated when you have cancer. There are several possible causes such as the cancer or it's treatment.
Before you have treatment for constipation, your doctor or nurse will need to find out how bad it is and what the cause could be. Find out what they might do.
Faecal impaction means having dry, hard poo (stool or faeces) in the back passage (rectum). Long term or chronic constipation can lead to faecal impaction.
You might be able to manage constipation through diet, drinking plenty and being physically active. Find out more about how these can help.
Laxatives can help you empty your bowels if you're constipated. If you have cancer speak to your healthcare team before taking any type of laxative.
Constipation means having difficulty opening your bowels. Find out the causes, symptoms, and treatment of constipation.

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