Read article Teenage and young adult cancer Key Facts
Key messages on incidence, survival, mortality, risk factors (causes) and a summary table of the statistics for teenage and young adult cancer are given here.
- Download these Key Facts Teenage and Young Adult cancer Key Facts
More comprehensive information and statistics for teenage and young adult cancer will be available in 2013.
The latest statistics available for teenage and young adult cancer are; incidence 2008-2010, mortality 2008-2010, and survival 2001-2005. Source years are specified in the statistics table. Find out why these are the latest statistics available.
- ‘TYA cancer’ refers to all malignant tumours (but excluding non-melanoma skin cancer), and non-invasive brain and other central nervous system tumours diagnosed in people aged 15–24 inclusively.
- TYA cancers are classified differently to adult cancer, with the most common cancers in this age-group being different from those in older adults.
- There are 10 main groups of TYA cancer:
- Lymphomas
- Carcinomas, except of skin
- Germ cell tumours
- Brain and other central nervous system (CNS) tumours
- Malignant melanoma
- Leukaemias
- Bone tumours
- Soft tissue sarcomas
- Miscellaneous malignant neoplasms not elsewhere classified
- Unspecified malignant neoplasms
section reviewed 07/12/12
section updated 07/12/12
- Cancer is relatively rare in TYAs, accounting for 0.6% of cancers at all ages (excluding non-invasive tumours of the brain and other central nervous system).
- In the UK, around 2,200 TYAs are diagnosed with cancer every year.
- Lymphomas are the most common group of cancers in TYAs.
- Lymphomas, carcinomas and germ cell tumours collectively account for more than half of all cancers diagnosed in 15-24 year-olds.
- The incidence rate of all cancers in TYAs in the UK has increased by around a fifth since the mid-1990s.
section reviewed 07/12/12
section updated 07/12/12
- More than 80% of TYAs diagnosed with cancer in the UK survive for at least five years.
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section updated 07/12/12
- Cancer is the leading cause of death from disease in TYAs in the UK, accounting for 8% of all deaths in males and 14% of all deaths in females aged 15–24 (excluding non-invasive tumours of the brain and other central nervous system).
- Around 310 TYAs die from cancer each year in the UK.
- Brain and central nervous system tumours are the most common cause of cancer death in TYAs.
- The mortality rate from TYA cancer in Great Britain has almost halved since the mid-1970s.
section reviewed 07/12/12
section updated 07/12/12
- Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation increases risk of melanoma in TYAs.
- Human papillomavirus infection nearly always precedes development of cervical cancer.
- TYAs who have undergone treatment for a previous cancer have a higher risk of developing a second cancer.
- Some TYA cancers are thought to be linked to growth and hormonal factors during puberty.
- Delayed exposure to common infections may be linked to Hodgkin lymphoma in TYAs.
- Some TYA cancers are linked to certain genetic syndromes, such as Li Fraumeni, familial adenomatous polyposis and neurofibromatosis type 1.
section reviewed 07/12/12
section updated 07/12/12
| Teenage and young adult cancer | Males 15-24 | Females 15-24 | Persons 15-24 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of new cases (UK 2008-2010*) | 1,147 | 1,067 | 2,214 |
| Incidence rate per million population** | 270.2 | 263.6 | 267.0 |
| Number of deaths1 (UK 2008-2010*) | 188 | 125 | 313 |
| Mortality rate per million population** | 44.4 | 31.0 | 37.9 |
| Five-year survival rate (for patients diagnosed 2001-2005, UK) | 81% | 84% | - |
*Average of the last three years **age-standardised to the European standard population
section reviewed 07/12/12
section updated 07/12/12
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