89% of oesophageal cancer cases each year in the UK are linked to major lifestyle and other risk factors.[1]
Oesophageal cancer is associated with a number of risk factors.[2-4]
Oesophageal Cancer Risk Factors
Inreases risk | Decreases risk | |
'Sufficient' or 'convincing' evidence |
|
|
'Limited' or 'probable' evidence |
|
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) classifications.
a Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); b Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (AC)
References
- Parkin DM, Boyd L, Walker LC. The fraction of cancer attributable to lifestyle and environmental factors in the UK in 2010. Summary and conclusions. Br J Cancer 2011; 105 (S2):S77-S81.
- International Agency for Research on Cancer. List of Classifications by cancer sites with sufficient or limited evidence in humans, Volumes 1 to 116*. Accessed October 2016.
- Lauby-Secretan B, Scoccianti C, Loomis D, et al. Body Fatness and Cancer--Viewpoint of the IARC Working Group. N Engl J Med. 2016 Aug 25;375(8):794-8.
- World Cancer Research Fund / American Institute for Cancer Research. Continuous Update Project Findings & Reports. Accessed October 2016.